The focus of the Howarth Lab is innovating protein technologies for therapeutics and vaccine design. The lab has developed a range of ultra-stable interactions. The traptavidin system allows capture of biotinylated targets with lower off-rate and better stability to temperature or force than standard streptavidin or avidin. The SpyCatcher003 system allows rapid and spontaneous covalent bond formation to proteins bearing SpyTag or SpyTag003.