Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Specific Probes
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are characterized by a catalytic domain that contains an invariant catalytic cysteine with a conserved signature motif (His-Cys-(X)5-Arg-(Ser/Thr)). Owing to its unique environment, the catalytic cysteine has a low pKa (~5.5) and exists predominantly as a thiolate anion at physiological pH, which enhances its nucleophilicity, but also renders it susceptible to oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promotes phosphorylation dependent signaling cascades.
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