Research in the Khosla laboratory focuses on problems where deep insights into enzymology and metabolism can be harnessed to improve human health. For the past two decades, they have studied and engineered enzymatic assembly lines called polyketide synthases that catalyze the biosynthesis of structurally complex and medicinally fascinating antibiotics in bacteria. An example of such an assembly line is found in the erythromycin biosynthetic pathway. Our current focus is on understanding the structure and mechanism of this polyketide synthase. At the same time, they are developing methods to decode the vast and growing number of orphan polyketide assembly lines in the sequence databases.